How Engineers Stop Floods High-Tech Solutions

Reliability Of Statistics Statistics Essay - 2703 Words

Reliability of Statistics Today, most of us live in a world surrounded by data. Everything that we do calculates findings to supply data for statistical findings to show that it is either wrong or right. Statistics is not a new process in our lives; it has been around for close to 400 years of the history I was able to find discussing statistics or probability. The oldest date found was identified by Stigler (1999 p. 207) were he explained that in 1628 a William Harvey released a study of the motion of blood and the heart. The study, which consisted of statistical facts, proved that blood passes through the body by the pulsation of the heart. To us in today’s world that does not sound like a great discovery. Ordinarily, to the world that did not know the method of how the blood flowed through the body, it was a great achievement. Without recognizing the research as being statistical, we can go back even further to find that one of the items perhaps found in your garden today is, in fact, one of the oldest known timekeepers in the world, the sundial. â€Å"The sundial existed in a very primitive form in Egypt from at least the 15th century B.C.† (Bigliazzi, Spaans, Dunaud, Juran, 1995). Discovery of one of the initial specimens of a sundial was in Greece in which dated back to the third century B.C. In Greece, they studied the mathematics of the sundial, which in turn led to improving the accuracy of the timekeeper. In order to establish and improve the accuracyShow MoreRelatedReliability Of Statistics : Statistics Essay2661 Words   |  11 PagesReliability of Statistics Today most of us live in a world surrounded by data. Everything that we do calculates findings to supply data for statistical findings to show that it is either wrong or right. 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This might be due to the improper sampling, improper handling ofRead MoreStatistical Research in Psychology999 Words   |  4 PagesMany students, including myself, are unaware how important statistics can be to the research process in Psychology. In this report, I will discuss the method used to perform researches as well as the forms of data used through statistic in Psychology. This will include the advantages and disadvantages of each form used. Introduction Many studying Psychology might be shocked that statistics is a requirement. It is vital to understand statistics and how it relates when performing research. Many methodsRead MoreAnalysis of The Doctoral Research Process 1562 Words   |  7 Pagesa subject suffices as the end result for the doctoral research process. 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They may also be viewed as high in reliability because they are standardised in the sense that everyone is asked the same questions and this contributes to their reliability as a method. Questionnaires are the method preferred byRead MoreDnp Project Proposal Development Project Evaluation1153 Words   |  5 Pagesthe reliability and validity of the Ottawa GRS. For instance, Kim et al. (2006) used the Ottawa GRS in a pilot study at the University of Ottawa to evaluate whether high-fidelity simulation can be used to measure Crisis Resource Management (CRM) performance and to ascertain the construct validity of the Ottawa GRS. 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Healthcare Education Free Essays

What are some of the barriers and limitations to the transition from one level of care to another? Successful transition of patients from one care level to another is normal and of great importance. Patients who receive good aftercare after inpatient treatment come out much stronger and with low rates of readmission. However in many cases this is not the case hence posing the patients to health risk. We will write a custom essay sample on Healthcare Education or any similar topic only for you Order Now Some of the barriers and limits to these transitions include financial constrains, low levels of knowledge and lack of adequate advice to the patients by the health professionals. Ignorance on the side of the people or the professionals also plays a big role. Education and creation of awareness to the general public on the importance of this transition is paramount in that it reduces the risks involved at the various levels (Holloway, 2008). Lack of a clear policy on ways to improve care such as transition care support and voluntary sharing of information on the issue is big obstacle to successful care transition. For elderly, care transitions can usually lead to medication related complications and significantly reduced life span or quality. These calls for devoted efforts by the relevant parties to develop and put in place the necessary tools and initiatives to ensure improved transition. It should be noted that the impact of human error in medicine is unclear since the risk in the health care are based on the disease itself, the desired medicine and the way of medication (Holloway, 2008). This means that transition with medication to be administered without clear guideline may create a bigger problem. The transition problems call for well structured aftercare sessions to refer patients to. Since the human health is always at risk, it is important to ensure that patients actively engage in any prescribed treatment. This include making sure they are entered into the right level of treatment and equipped with the necessary information useful during treatment to ensure motivation and hence avoid relapse. Successful transition to care is the first step towards good health and should always be emphasized. Reference Holloway, D. , (2008). Transitions from one Level of Care to Another. Retrieved on 30th July 2009 from, http://cnx. org/content/m12716/latest/ How to cite Healthcare Education, Papers

Assessment Method for SCADA Information Security - Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Assessment Method : SCADA Information Security. Answer: Introduction There are various sectors and industries that are set up in every country that contribute towards the economy and growth for the same. One such industry is the finance industry that comprises of many financial agencies, organizations and business units. Australia is also home to many such set ups that are providing excellent financial services and operations to the people and an example of the same is Aztek. It is an Australian organization that provides finance related services and therefore, manages and processes information related with the same. The population of the world is increasing rapidly and so is the demand for every service and solution. Aztek has managed to establish a good name in the market due to which its customer base has grown over the years. However, the current infrastructure and environment at Aztek is no longer suitable to perform the business operations with the required quality and results. There are various issues that are being coming up in terms of inform ation sharing and management, communication activities, business operations and continuity. Also, with the increase in the volumes and varieties of information, the types and number of security occurrences has also increased. The organization information is one of the prime assets for Aztek which cannot be avoided at any cost. Looking at the severity of the situation, the management at Aztek has proposed many projects. These projects have the objectives to make sure that the current set of problems is avoided and the business continuity and revenues are enhanced. Bring Your Own Devices (BYOD) is a scheme in which the members of staff of a particular organization are granted the permission to bring and use their personal gadgets and devices in office for the execution and accomplishment of the official tasks and activities. The several projects that have been recommended by the management were analyzed with their respective pros and cons and the one that has been selected for implementation at Aztek is BYOD project. There are different gadgets and technical devices that individuals own in the present times with some of the common devices being Smartphones, laptops, tablets, routers, modems etc. Aztek is a financial firm that is still growing and expanding. It may be challenging for the firm to procure different devices for different projects. For instance, a financial application and service that is provided by Aztek may be tested before release on the mobile devices. It would be required to test the same on different operating systems like Android, Windows, iOS etc. This will need at least four to five mobile devices which will come with a considerable cost. With the concept of BYOD, the same process can be done without any additional cost by asking the employees to use their own devices for the testing purpose. The costs that will be avoided in such processed may be utilized in other activities and tasks. Financial Services Review of the BYOD Project There are different types of information that the organizations deal with. Some of these information types may come under the least risk zones and there may be certain information sets that may require highest form of security and control. Financial information is critical and very sensitive in nature and the security of such information type cannot be taken lightly. The majority of information sets that belong to Aztek come under this category only. The control and secure monitoring of these information sets is therefore mandatory which shall also be guarded by multiple security laws and protocols. Australia has many bodies and departments that regulate the financial operations in the country and also look after the financial information for its correct flow and protection. One such body is Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC). As the name suggests, ASIC is responsible for all types of payments that are carried out and their adherence to the standards and complian ce norms. The rules and policies that are defined by ASIC must be followed and maintained by Aztek in its implementation of BYOD in its architecture. In the current era, most of the payment processes are done online. The rules and policies around the electronic payments are different from the non-electronic payments. These e-payments are therefore guarded and regulated by an e-payments code which has been defined by ASIC. The protection of financial as well as other information that is associated with Aztek shall be protected as per the Intellectual Property and Privacy guidelines. Description of Project from the Financial Perspective There are many different goals and objectives that have been listed and included by Aztek as a business unit. To serve the customers with high-grade financial services that have utmost reliability and accuracy and least complexity involved. To make sure that the engagement and satisfaction levels of the employees associated with the organization is always high and is improved. To make sure that the engagement and satisfaction levels of the customers associated with the organization is always high and is improved. To complete all the organizational activities as per the delivery schedule and the project budget. The goals and objectives of a project are also involved which shall be aligned with the organizational goals. The case is the same with BYOD project which will be implemented in Aztek. The employees that are working in Aztek will gain an opportunity to bring their own devices which will be installed with the applications and tools being used for the organizational tasks. This will allow the employees to have a better work life balance as they will be able to work at home and other non-office locations as well. This will add to the objectives one and two of the organization as listed above. Better efficiency of the employees will contribute towards the better and accurate results of the financial operations. In this way, the customers will be provided with their expected services and their engagement levels will improve. Many additional costs in terms of cost of procurement and maintenance will be eliminated which will increase the adherence to the budget. Apart from the strategic alignment of the project with the organizational objectives, a number of additional benefits will also be involved. The devices of the employees will remain with them and during the days wherein there will be lesser work in the organization; these may be used for hands-on on the upcoming financial operations and project activities by the employees. In this manner, they will be able to gain the required ease of usage and familiarity along with possible risk areas that will be involved. The employees will be able to share their details of work and the activities completed in a day with their Project and Functional Managers using the resource management and reporting tools through their devices (Gessner, 2016). Testing of the applications and services will be done with much ease and with the use of increased number of devices using the BYOD scheme. It will enhance the chances of identifying more number of bugs and defects. The employees will be able to share the information and stay connected with fellow employees at all times (Retailwire, 2016). The rules and guidelines that have been stated by the Australian Boards and Bodies will also be maintained in the project. On the basis of the feasibility study, the project has been found to be feasible from the viewpoints of operational, technical and economical feasibility. Impact of BYOD on the Current Security Infrastructure of Aztek BYOD is a scheme that has a number of positive implications on the organizations but it comes with its own challenges and issues. The same would happen with the implementation of BYOD in Aztek. All of the risks and threats will require a specific medium for execution and this medium is termed as a threat agent. There may be many different agents that may be present within and outside of the organization that may give shape to the attacks. For instance, the staff members, internal and external networks, technical tools and equipment, end-users etc. will come under the category of threat agents. There will be a strategy that will be required for the handling and control of these threats. BYOD is a new and first of its kind project that will be implemented in Aztek. This will lead to the emergence of many new forms of security risks and attacks and a control strategy will need to be added up for the same. The newest addition in the organization will be in the form of the devices that will be brought in by the employees for the execution of the professional tasks. These devices may have the security tools implemented in them which may be fit for the personal tasks of the employees but may not be sufficient for the protection of the organizational information. An analysis of these devices would be required to be done by the IT and security team at Aztek to make the devices suitable for use. The basic security in the form of malware protection, intrusion detection, authentication and access control will be necessary to be implemented. The threat agents that are associated with Aztek may include many different entities but a large portion of the attacks will take place through the medium of networks. A risk analysis of all of these network based attacks will be necessary to be done which shall be followed by the development of the measures for network security and management. There are many new tools that have been created with the development of technology in the area of network technology. These tools along with the latest concepts of business intelligence shall be applied for removing the threats and attacks from their root altogether. This will end all the probability of the attack taking place in the future (Coleman, 2011). The employees of Aztek will make use of their devices at their homes and other non-office locations as well. This is because their devices will be equipped with the specific tools and applications that will be required for the execution of professional tasks. However, some of these applications must be allowed to be accessed from the office networks only. This is because public networks and use of devices by the unauthorized users may add up to the likelihood of the risks (Newton, 2015). The devices of the employees may be used by their family members and friends as well. These individuals may access the official tools and the information may get exposed to them. Such will be the accidental attacks to security and privacy of information. There may also be intentional attacks that the employees may execute so that they may receive monetary or other benefits from the parties. The strategies will be required to be developed and implemented for the avoidance of such insider threats (Trendmicro, 2016). The security policy must explicitly state the risks and the corresponding security strategy to treat them. Risk Assessment Process Risk is defined as any activity or action that may have a positive or negative impact with its result and may not be preferred for the entities in which they may occur. In most cases, the outcome of these risks is negative. There are many risks that are associated with the BYOD project of Aztek that need to be assessed and managed with a proper plan and with utmost dedication (Crane, 2013). Risk management is a process that combines many steps and phases that are taken to make sure that the risks are avoided. The management of these risks and occurrences need to be treated with a proper plan and the following is the set of phases that will be involved in the risk management procedure followed at Aztek. Aztek: Process for the management of risks An identification of the risks will be required so that the further actions and steps may be taken (Capterra, 2016). There are various data sources that shall be explored to make sure that the risks are correctly identified (Berg, 2016). The next step in the process shall include the correct assessment and prioritization of the risks. This step in the risk management process will list down the risks in the form of a risk register. The risk register will provide the information on the risk and its description, its impact and likelihood along with the level in terms of the overall risk ranking (Castsoftware, 2016). Planning is an essential step in every activity and the same holds true for the management of the risks as well. The risk management plan must list down the resources responsible for the management of risks along with the description of the processes for the handling of the risks that are identified and analyzed. The next process shall include the treatment strategies that may be applied and the guidelines that shall be taken for the treatment strategy for a particular risk (Microsoft, 2016). The management and administrative bodies must look after the status of the risks by carrying out verification and validation processes frequently (Development, 2013). The risks shall be monitored and controlled and a report must be prepared for covering the activities that are carried out for every risk (Vila, 2012). Risk Register for Aztek There may also be situations in which the users, that is, the device owners may not take adequate measures for the avoidance and prevention of the risks. For instance, they may not update their devices regularly to avoid the attacks and threats (Qld, 2016). This may lead to the increased probability of the risks. There are also risks and threats that may come up in the form of insider threats. The devices of the employees may be used by their family members and friends as well. These individuals may access the official tools and the information may get exposed to them. Such will be the accidental attacks to security and privacy of information. There may also be intentional attacks that the employees may execute so that they may receive monetary or other benefits from the parties. The strategies will be required to be developed and implemented for the avoidance of such insider threats (Markovic-Petrovic Stojanovic, 2014). Data Security for Aztek Financial information is critical and very sensitive in nature and the security of such information type cannot be taken lightly. The majority of information sets that belong to Aztek come under this category only. The control and secure monitoring of these information sets is therefore mandatory which shall also be guarded by multiple security laws and protocols. Sensitive Data: The information including the passwords and PIN number of the users for accessing their financial data or the transactional details associated with the user accounts (Scu, 2016). Confidential Data: The financial services and projects taken up by the organization along with the new set of technologies and activities that the organization might be working upon. Private Data: The information of the members of the staff and the customers such as their names and address and contact details (Test-institute, 2016). Public Data: The set of goals and strategies of the organization with the vision and mission. The above set of information categories and types shall be allowed to be accessed only to the users who are authorized to handle the same. It shall be based upon the attributes and the roles of the users (Chapman, 2000). Information Classification User role and Privileges Type of the information/data: Sensitive Information Sets Allowed to be Accessed Board of directors of Aztek and company CEO Resources responsible and accountable for the maintenance of security: CIO of the company and security manager Type of the information/data: Confidential Information Sets Allowed to be Accessed Project Managers Leaders, Department Heads Resources responsible and accountable for the maintenance of security - CIO of the company and security manager Type of the information/data: Private Information Sets Allowed to be Accessed Data Scientists and Data Managers (Dey, 2008) Resources responsible and accountable for the maintenance of security Security Manager, Security Analysts Type of the information/data: Public Information Sets Allowed to be Accessed Company stakeholders Resources responsible and accountable for the maintenance of security Security team of Aztek Conclusion Aztek is an Australian organization that provides finance related services and therefore, manages and processes information related with the same. The population of the world is increasing rapidly and so is the demand for every service and solution. Aztek has managed to establish a good name in the market due to which its customer base has grown over the years. However, the current infrastructure and environment at Aztek is no longer suitable to perform the business operations with the required quality and results. There are various issues that are being coming up in terms of information sharing and management, communication activities, business operations and continuity. BYOD is a new and first of its kind project that will be implemented in Aztek. This will lead to the emergence of many new forms of security risks and attacks and a control strategy will need to be added up for the same. The newest addition in the organization will be in the form of the devices that will be brought in by the employees for the execution of the professional tasks. The threat agents that are associated with Aztek may include many different entities but a large portion of the attacks will take place through the medium of networks. A risk analysis of all of these network based attacks will be necessary to be done which shall be followed by the development of the measures for network security and management. The devices of the employees may be used by their family members and friends as well. These individuals may access the official tools and the information may get exposed to them. Such will be the accidental attacks to security and privacy of information. The management of these risks and occurrences need to be treated with a proper plan with the use of administrative checks, stronger technical controls and physical security. Also, the security plan and the security strategy that is followed in the organization must be updated with the latest set of controls in all of these three areas. References Berg, H. (2016). Risk Management. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://ww.gnedenko-forum.org/Journal/2010/022010/RTA_2_2010-09.pdf Berg, H. (2010). Risk Management: Procedures, Methods and Experiences. Retrieved 3 September 2017, from https://ww.gnedenko-forum.org/Journal/2010/022010/RTA_2_2010-09.pdf Capterra,. (2016). Best Risk Management Software | 2016 Reviews of the Most Popular Systems. Capterra.com. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://www.capterra.com/risk-management-software/ Castsoftware,. (2016). What is Software Risk How To Prevent Software Risk | CAST Software. Castsoftware.com. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://www.castsoftware.com/research-labs/software-risk Chapman, C. (2000). A desirable future for technology risk management. International Journal Of Risk Assessment And Management, 1(1/2), 69. https://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijram.2000.001488 Cioupdate,. (2016). Effective Measures to Deal with Cloud Security -- CIO Update. Cioupdate.com. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://www.cioupdate.com/technology-trends/effective-measures-to-deal-with-cloud-security.html Coleman, T. (2011). A Practical Guide to Risk Management. Cfapubs.org. Retrieved 3 September 2017, from https://www.cfapubs.org/doi/pdf/10.2470/rf.v2011.n3.1 Crane, L. (2013). Introduction to Risk Management. Retrieved 3 September 2017, from https://extensionrme.org/pubs/IntroductionToRiskManagement.pdf Development, C. (2013). What are the 5 Risk Management Process Steps?. Continuing Professional Development. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://continuingprofessionaldevelopment.org/risk-management-steps-in-risk-management-process/ Dey, P. (2008). Risk management in information technology projects. International Journal Of Risk Assessment And Management, 9(3), 311. https://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijram.2008.019747 Gessner, D. (2016). Towards a User-Friendly Security-Enhancing BYOD Solution. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://in.nec.com/en_IN/images/120324.pdf Grimes, R. (2016). The 5 cloud risks you have to stop ignoring. InfoWorld. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://www.infoworld.com/article/2614369/security/the-5-cloud-risks-you-have-to-stop-ignoring.html InformationWeek,. (2016). 9 Worst Cloud Security Threats - InformationWeek. InformationWeek. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://www.informationweek.com/cloud/infrastructure-as-a-service/9-worst-cloud-security-threats/d/d-id/1114085?page_number=2 Markovic-Petrovic, J., Stojanovic, M. (2014). An Improved Risk Assessment Method for SCADA Information Security. Elektronika Ir Elektrotechnika, 20(7). https://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.20.7.8027 Microsoft,. (2016). Risk Management Process Overview. Technet.microsoft.com. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc535304.aspx Newton, P. (2015). Managing Project Risks. Retrieved 3 September 2017, from https://www.free-management-ebooks.com/dldebk-pdf/fme-project-risk.pdf Proconceptsllc,. (2016). Risk Radar Enterprise, Risk Management Software | Pro-Concepts LLC. Proconceptsllc.com. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://www.proconceptsllc.com/risk-radar-enterprise.html Qld,. (2016). Risks of cloud computing | Queensland Government. Business.qld.gov.au. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://www.business.qld.gov.au/business/running/technology-for-business/cloud-computing-business/cloud-computing-risks Retailwire,. (2016). Happiness Is Bringing Your Own Computer Devices to Work RetailWire. Retailwire.com. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://www.retailwire.com/discussion/16188/happiness-is-bringing-your-own-computer-devices-to-work Scu,. (2016). The Risk Management Process - Risk Management - SCU. Scu.edu.au. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://scu.edu.au/risk_management/index.php/8/ Stoneburner, G. (2002). Risk Management Guide for Information Technology Systems. Retrieved 3 September 2017, from https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/ocr/privacy/hipaa/administrative/securityrule/nist800-30.pdf Test-institute,. (2016). What Is Software Risk And Software Risk Management? - International Software Test Institute. Test-institute.org. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://www.test-institute.org/What_Is_Software_Risk_And_Software_Risk_Management.php Trendmicro,. (2016). BYOD - Consumerization of IT Mobility - Trend Micro USA. Trendmicro.com. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://www.trendmicro.com/us/enterprise/challenges/it-consumerization/ Uasask. (2017). IT Risk Management Procedure. Retrieved 3 September 2017, from https://www.usask.ca/ict/documents/IT%20Risk%20Management%20Procedure.pdf Vila, S. (2012). Risk Management Model in ITIL. Retrieved 3 September 2017, from https://fenix.tecnico.ulisboa.pt/downloadFile/395144242579/Risk%20management%20on%

How to Use Urgency in Your Content to Increase Conversion Rate

One of the most effective ways to drive conversions and sales is to create a sense of urgency in your content. If a potential customer is allowed time to overthink their purchase, it’s more likely that they’ll talk themselves out of it. In general, there are two main factors that compel consumers to act: Supply: how much of a product or service is available. Demand: how many other consumers want to buy something. As a content marketer, you need to find ways to highlight these two factors of supply and demand to potential customers. Use the following tried-and-true techniques to add a sense of urgency to your content. Use Fear of Missing Out In psychology, â€Å"fear aversion† is when the fear of loss is greater than the desire to acquire the things we want. This is why most successful brands use the â€Å"fear of missing out† technique or FOMO. According to Strategy Online, around 69 percent of millennials experience this phenomenon, but it’s not just the young who succumb to it. You can influence most consumers if you give the impression that they stand to lose something if they don’t act. Highlight the scarcity of a product. You could show stock levels or announce that you only have a certain number of items left in stock. If you sell a service, you could point out that you only take on a certain number of clients every month. Use Limited Time Offers Amazon uses time to encourage action, pointing out how soon you have to order something to get it by a specific date. But there are various ways you can use time pressure to your advantage: Use a countdown timer on your site, showing when a sale ends. Offer a flash sale for one day. Promote a holiday weekend sale. Offer free shipping for a limited period. Give the first ten customers a free gift. Use the Right Words The right words used at the right time can make all the difference to whether your visitors make a purchase or not. Try incorporating some of these powerful words into your copy to create a sense of urgency: Now Quick Hurry While stocks last Limited time Today only Limited stock Last chance Before it’s gone Clearance Don’t miss out Use these words in your email subject lines, headlines, call-to-action buttons, social media posts, and paid ads. Use Numbers Numbers are a great way to highlight scarcity or show social proof. For example: Only 10 more left in stock. 1,200 people have already bought this product. 140 of our clients currently use this service. Choose Colors Carefully Warm colors such as red, orange, and yellow have been shown to help consumers make a purchase decision. According to color psychology, red creates a sense of excitement, yellow inspires confidence, and orange increases feelings of security. In one study, HubSpot looked at conversions from a red and a green call-to-action button, where everything else on the page was the same. The red button outperformed the green button by 21 percent. Use Promo Codes and VIP Offers Are you looking for a quick and effective way to promote a product, service, or event? Use time-bound promo codes to create a sense of urgency, or VIP offers to create a sense of exclusivity. Consider offering exclusive deals to only those who subscribe to your email newsletter. This way, you can build a list of prospects and then target them in future promotional offers. Don’t Be Too Pushy Using urgency in your content is fine as long as you’re not using underhand tactics to somehow deceive the customer. Most consumers know when they’re being tricked or manipulated, so it’s crucial to give them the respect they deserve. Otherwise, you’ll lose their trust and this could seriously damage your brand’s reputation. Sometimes, if you offer a quality product or service, you simply need to emphasize the benefits of your offer to potential customers. Explaining why your product is so good is sometimes enough to secure a sale. You can still give little reminders of time constraints and limited availability to add some urgency, but you don’t have to be so pushy all the time. In Summary Adding urgency to your content is one of the most effective techniques you can use to drive sales without spending a ton of money on other promotional strategies. As we’ve already explained, using urgency is probably best used in moderation so that customers take you more seriously in the long run. Focus on periodically offering great deals that truly are limited. When you get it right, it can have a profound impact on conversion rates and also the reputation of your brand.

Effective Error Correction In Class

Effective Error Correction In Class Error correction is often done by the teacher providing corrections for mistakes made by students. However, it is probably more effective for students to correct their own mistakes. In order to do this, students and the teacher should have a common shorthand for correcting mistakes. Aim: Teaching students to correct their own mistakes Activity: Mistake identification and correction Level: Intermediate Outline: Discuss the importance of correcting your own mistakes with students. Point out that information arrived out inductively (by their own reasoning) is more likely to be retained over the long term.Go through the shorthand used in the following exercise for various types of mistakes.Ask students to first find mistakes in the short biography.Give students the correction marks copy of the short biographyAsk students to correct the short biography based on the correction marks.Give students corrected version of a short biography. Correction Key T tenseP punctuationWO word orderPrep prepositionWW wrong wordGR grammarY upside down word missingSP spelling Find and mark the mistakes in the following short biography. Jack Friedhamm was born to New York on October 25, 1965. He began school at the age of six and continued until he was 18 years. He then went to New York University to learn Medicine. He decided on Medicine because he liked biology when he was at school. While he was to University he met his wife Cindy. Cindy was a beautiful woman with hair long black. They went along for years before they decided getting married. Jack began to work like a doctor as soon as he graduated to Medical School. They had two children named Jackie and Peter, and have lived in Queens for the past two years. Jack is very interested painting and likes to paint portraits of his son Peter. Compare your corrections with the image at the top and then correct the mistakes. Compare your corrected version with the following: Jack Friedhamm was born in New York on October 25, 1965. He began school at the age of six and continued until he was 18 years old. He then went to New York University to learn Medicine. He decided on Medicine because he liked biology when he was at school. While he was at University, he met his wife Cindy. Cindy was a beautiful woman with long black hair. They went out for years before they decided to get married. Jack began to work as a doctor as soon as he had graduated from Medical School. They have had two children named Jackie and Peter, and have lived in Queens for the past two years. Jack is very interested in painting and likes to paint portraits of his son Peter. Short Biography with Mistakes Printing PageShort Biography with Correction Marks Printing PageCorrect Version of Short Biography Printing Page

BP Russian Case Analysis Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

BP Russian Analysis - Case Study Example While partnerships are vital for the success of an organization, they may become sources of business failure if their construction is not efficient. BP Russia is one of the companies that have engaged in partnerships that have undermined its potential to grow and take advantage of the market. An analysis of BP Russia will reveal the various aspects of partnerships that determine its failure or success and the way organizations can benefit from such business partnerships. BP proposed an alliance with Rosneft as part of the organization commitment to take advantage of mergers to increase organization productivity. The proposed partnership between BP and Rosneft would have numerous benefits if successful. The main aim of the strategic alliance was to use a collaborative approach on the development of oil reserves of the Kara Sea in the Russian Arctic (University of Virginia 6). The first benefit of the alliance is that the two would have a greater financial worth, which would help to explore the Kara Sea in a more profitable manner. Since the exploration of oil and development of oil reserves is a costly operation, it is difficult for any organization to go it alone without a partnership. On this note, the alliance would allow BP to take advantage of the oil reserves, develop them and hence increase productivity, which means higher profits for both organizations. Secondly, BP had a long-term plan in the terms of the partnership. The terms of the strate gic alliance was that BP secure 9.5% of Rosneft bringing its total share of Rosneft at 10.8%. This share swap condition would have a long-term benefit for BP Russia. Increasing its share value in Rosneft would be an increase in its share value. On this note, it is possible to term the strategic alliance as a worthwhile development strategy for BP Russia. On the other hand, managers must be aware that there are always implications for success or failure of a partnership. The success of the BP-Rosneft alliance would

An Evaluation of the Teaching Staff Shortage in London Schools Essay

An Evaluation of the Teaching Staff Shortage in London Schools - Essay Example eased concern in England as well as in other countries with regards to teacher supply shortages along with the issues on the recruitment and retention of teachers (House of Commons- Education and Skills Committee 2004). For instance, despite a considerable number of 60 million teachers worldwide, there is still a need to employ another 15 to 35 million teachers. Schools have faced considerable shortages in English and Math teachers while there have been a decrease in the number of applicants for teacher training. Teacher applicants for physics, geography, and information and communications technology have also experienced a considerable drop (Eurydice 2002). A large number of studies have primarily delved into the reasons why potential teachers have been attracted to the profession as well as the factors that contribute to their intentions of leaving the profession, including pay and work demands, and turnover patterns (Johnson-Wilder et al 2003). Recent evidence has also associated staffing problems with specific issues that serve as challenges for schools affected, such as the inability of schools to cope with labor market difficulties in order to for them to offer higher wages and attract qualified candidates, the lack of proficient teachers in certain subjects, and the increased number of teachers who are teaching outside of their subjects (Harris and Adams 2007). It has been suggested that institutions for teacher training have not been able to produce adequate numbers of qualified teachers who can met such demands. Other demographic trends, including the increase of student enrollments along with the increased rate of teacher turnover owing to an aging teaching workforce, have also contributed to the school staffing crisis. Owing to the continued shortfall of... This paper approves that private and public schools in London have experienced considerable shortages in their teaching workforce which have been attributed to various concerns. Teachers can either be motivated or discouraged to provide education and learning to students based on a number of factors, including their perceived support from the administration, the overall environment that they are working in, the salary they receive in exchange for their performance, the behavior of students, as well as personal issues. These can all influence the ways with which teachers view their profession as meaningful and valuable and, thus, affect their intentions and decisions for voluntary turnover. This report makes a conclusion that increasing the school’s support and attention towards their staff members should also be demonstrated along with the implementation of strategies that can enhance facilities and teaching performance. Values should also be taught to students by both the school and their families to ensure that these young individuals exemplify favorable behavior towards their peers and teachers. School safety and discipline along with a more professional environment that employs strategies for empowering teachers and boosting their morale may have a positive impact on their recruitment and retention among public and private schools. Future studies should also look into more specific factors that can be experienced by teachers in the primary, secondary, and college level as well, such as racial discrimination or academic field preferences; differences in terms of geographic locations (suburban versus metropolitan schools) or the impact of teachers’ age and gender can also be explored.

Sam 340 unit 3 replaced Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Sam 340 unit 3 replaced - Essay Example Risk management has two sides. It has both negative and positive sides. Risk management can therefore be counterproductive if at all it does not receive the full support of the stakeholders (Masteralexis, Barr and Hums, pp. 110). This is common whenever they have conflicting ideas which they intend to implement. Lack of support and improper implementation automatically leads to lack of achievement with regard to the initial objectives of the risk management programme. However, this paper argues from the point of view that risk management in line with legal and ethical principles is necessary in the sports industry. Risk management helps in the area of intervention and prevention (Masteralexis, Barr and Hums, pp. 96). The emergence of problems will be controlled in addition to having a comprehensive framework to handle problems that will have come up. It is therefore necessary to incorporate a proper risk management strategy. The reason for this personal opinion is because risk management puts the sports manager in a good position to anticipate and prepare for sports’ risks. This enhances a smooth transition for the benefit of a team with regard to its overall performance/results/output and saving of time and

Bottom Of The Pyramid Marketing Essay

Bottom Of The Pyramid Marketing Essay The Bottom of the Pyramid (BOP) is the largest and poorest socio-economic group in the society. There are more than four billion people who live their lives on less than $2 per day. Indias rural majority today accounts for more than US$100 billion in consumer spending, making them by far the biggest buyers in the country and contributing significantly to Indias gross domestic product. To tap the vast markets at the BOP, MNCs must specially design and develop quality products and services, or they must select some to alter and make available at lower cost. Serving BOP customers is a profitable opportunity for corporations. It is also a social imperative, given that two-thirds of the human population (about four billion people) are at the bottom of the economic pyramid. By addressing the BOP, MNCs can curtail poverty and improve the living conditions of the worlds poorest. HYPOTHESIS IS THERE SUFFICIENT OPPURTUNITY AT THE BOTTOM OF THE PYRAMID? 70% of the Indian population lives in rural areas. This segment, which is commonly referred to as the bottom of the pyramid, presents a huge opportunity for companies. To expand the market by tapping the countryside, more and more MNCs are foraying into Indias rural markets. Among those that have made some headway are Hindustan Lever, Coca-Cola, LG Electronics, Britannia, Standard Life, Philips, Colgate Palmolive, Amul and many foreign-invested telecom companies. The Opportunity In earlier times rural consumer had to go to a nearby town or city to buy a branded product. The growing power of the rural consumer is now forcing big companies to flock to rural markets. At the same time, they also throw up major challenges for marketers. Servicing rural markets involves ensuring availability of products through a sound distribution network, overcoming prevalent attitudes and habits of rural customers and creating brand awareness. Price-sensitivity is another key issue. Rural income levels are largely dependent on the vagaries of monsoon, and demand is not easy to predict. The Indian rural market currently contributes to 50% of the annual consumption of FMCG goods and is increasing year on year. As a result it is becoming an important market place for fast moving consumer goods as well as consumer durables. The Necessity The rural market is certainly tempting since it comprises 70 % of the countrys population, 41 per cent of its middle class, 58 per cent of its disposable income and a large consuming class. Today, real growth is taking place in the rural-urban markets, or in the 13,113 villages with a population of more than 5,000. In order to efficiently and cost-effectively target the rural markets, companies cover many independent retailers since in these areas, the retailer influences purchase decisions and stock a single brand in a product category. Most of the companies have started tinkering with pack sizes and creating new price points in order to reach out to rural consumers. Thus, sachets and miniature packs, as in the case of shampoo sachets priced at Re 1 and Rs 2 or toothpaste at Rs 10, have become the order of the day and help improve market penetration. Yet, driving consumption of goods in rural areas is not just about lowering prices and increasing volumes but also about product innovation and developing indigenous products to cater to their demands. For example, soap makers use advanced technology to coat one side of the soap bar with plastic to prevent it from wearing out quickly. Impact of globalisation The impact of globalisation is felt in rural India as much as in urban. It will have its impact on target groups like farmers, youth and women. Farmers, today keep in touch with the latest information and maximise both ends. They keep their cell phones constantly connected to global markets. Surely, price movements and products availability in the international market place seem to drive their local business strategies. On youth its impact is on knowledge and information and while on women it still depends on the socio-economic aspect. The marketers who understand the rural consumer and fine tune their strategy are sure to reap benefits in the coming years. In fact, the leadership in any product or service is linked to leadership in the rural India except for few lifestyle-based products, which depend on urban India mainly. Coca-Cola India In 2001, Coca-Cola India attempted to gain leadership in the Indian market and capitalize on the rural markets. In rural markets, soft drinks category was undeveloped. Coca-Cola India believed that the first brand to offer communication targeted to the smaller towns would own the rural market and went after that objective with a comprehensive strategy. The rural segments primary need was out-of-home thirst-quenching and the soft drink category was undifferentiated in the minds of rural consumers. Additionally, with an average Coke costing Rs. 10 and an average days wages around Rs. 100, Coke was perceived as a luxury that few could afford. In an effort to make the price point of Coke within reach of this high-potential market, Coca-Cola launched the Accessibility Campaign, introducing a new 200ml bottle, smaller than the traditional 300ml bottle found in urban markets, and concurrently cutting the price in half, to Rs. 5. This pricing strategy closed the gap between Coke and basic refreshments like lemonade and tea, making soft drinks truly accessible for the first time. At the same time, Coke invested in distribution infrastructure to effectively serve a disbursed population and increased the number of retail outlets in rural, increasing market penetration. Coca-Colas advertising and promotion strategy pulled the marketing plan together using local language and idiomatic expressions which even won them some campaign of the year award in the Advertising Market Coca-Cola doubled its spend on Government Channels, increased price compliance from 30 per cent to 50 per cent in rural markets and reduced overall costs by 40 per cent. Result: the rural market accounts for 80 per cent of new Coke drinkers and 30 per cent of its volumes. CONCLUSION The basic problem with brand marketing is its high cost. Local Markets do offer a cost-effective method of marketing. With the virtual Local Markets the cost saving is still better. Consider for example the case of marketing farm inputs like fertilisers, seeds and pesticides. In the brand marketing approach, the same information is provided by several marketers through different media and methods. In the virtual Markets, several people can join hands and provide best possible information in a most cost effective manner to the farmers. The rural market grab has already begun. Once the rural consumers get attached to these new forms of virtual Local Markets they are going to procure most of their requirements from the same source and sell their produce in the same Markets. This offers an interesting challenge for those companies that are selling in the rural market including the agri-input companies, farm equipment companies, FMCG and consumer durable manufacturers. The bottom of the value-chain pyramid indeed represents a huge gambit of opportunities. Here lies a fortune that is waiting to be explored

The Goal: A Process of Ongoing Improvement by Eliyahu M. Goldratt Essay

In a situation like Alex Rogo’s, the Plant Manager for the Bearington Division of UniCo Corporation, who has been given three months by his boss to either show a profit or face shutdown, one can be tempted to consider an easy option – quit now and look for another job while your reputation is still intact. The temptations for Alex to consider this option are many – his plant has not shown any profit for quite some time, orders are often shipped months late, the inventory position is so bad that the aisles of the plant floor are crammed with in-process parts, almost all jobs are designated as â€Å"rush† and upon all this his marriage is on the precipe because he has been spending all his time in the plant. However, Alex decides to take the problems head on. In this quest, he is helped by his old Physics professor, Jonah. Rather than giving him ready made answers like a consultant, Jonah forces Alex to think by confronting him with pointed questions designed to help him bring out his intuitive skills. When Alex tells Jonah how he was able to increase productivity by thirty-six percent in one department alone with the use of robots, Jonah points it out to Alex how the robots could not possibly have contributed to the company’s goal – and that in fact in terms of its overall goal, Alex must actually be running a very unproductive plant. Prodded on by Jonah, Alex comes to the conclusion that as a first step, he first and foremost has to ensure that his plant makes money. With a continuous barrage of questions from his teacher, Alex and his team learn how to define measurements so that they better reflect the money making goal of a manufacturing organization. Proceeding systematically, they discover the facts which point to how the bottleneck machine in their plant, or in any plant for that matter, determines the throughput and that the capacity of the entire plant is actually equal to the capacity of the bottleneck. They then devise a system whereby the bottleneck (a machine called NCX-10, in this case ) is kept busy for the maximum amount of time possible – this they do by first ensuring that the NCX-10 is kept running even during lunch breaks and later on by ensuring an adequate buffer in front of the bottleneck so that it would not be idle for want of parts. In the meantime they also save time on another suspected bottleneck, the heat treatment, by relocating ... ...e omni-presence of two phenomena, dependency and variability, in manufacturing environments, it is vital that the system’s actual constraint be identified – which may or may not be physical. All other policies have to be built so that they work within the constraint. That is to say that the non-constrained resources have to be used to maximize the performance of the constrained resource. The next step is to try and improve the constraint itself, if possible. Alex Rogo is successful in turning around his plant because he unwittingly, or by design, follows this same ordered thinking process wherein he goes from first defining his fundamental measures and then exploring the effects of different parts of his plant on these measures. He is then able to identify his constraints and effect changes that allow him to maximize his plants performance within the constraint. Later when he finds that his constraint is no longer physical but has become something intangible beyond his plant, he identifies it correctly as a market constraint and tries to improve it by encouraging his sales staff to come up with new orders. And if all this wasn’t enough, Alex has also managed to save his marriage!

Environment and Public Works Essay

Redwood forests are filled with an assorted collection of animal and plant species. These forests are deemed as complex ecosystems wherein â€Å"the tallest trees in the world to the tiniest fungi are working systematically in a very delicate balance. † More so, the redwoods have been discovered to affect the â€Å"climate of the river canyons by transpiring moisture which keeps the humidity high† (Humboldt Redwoods Interpretive Association). Through this, it can be surmised that trees play a vital role in sustaining life in the biosphere. Because of this, it is mandatory that humans do everything in their power to protect and conserve the redwood forests. However, due to changing times, the biodiversity in the Redwood forests are being threatened particularly by illegal logging. Historically, illegal logging started over centuries ago as early as the Spanish colonization and still a continuous practice in the 21st century. Since then, almost 95% of the redwood forests had been destroyed (Berry). Moreover, illegal logging is caused by overpopulation and increase in demand for natural resources. Because of these demands, virgin forests are turn into urban housing to accommodate the growing population and timbers are being utilized for profit. As a result, the various California species are being endangered to the brink of extinction. If this will not be taken care of immediately, the ecosystem of the Redwood forests will soon be destroyed which can adversely affect the natural cycle of existence. To prevent this from happening, several actions must be facilitated such as information campaign, boycott and conservation efforts. The public needs to be aware of the current situation of the Redwood forests in order to educate and at the same time invoke their interest in saving the Redwood. More so, through the boycott of the products of companies that abuses the Redwood forests, people can help in decreasing the need for natural resources produced by trees and animals living in the Redwood forests (Gapsucks. org). Furthermore, practicing environment-friendly activities such as recycling paper and patronizing consumer goods that are safe for Mother Earth can alleviate the current negative effects of illegal logging which can cause floods, wildfire, extinction of plant and animal species and climate change. As a public political figure, I hope that you can help in disseminating information about how to lessen human impact on the Redwood Forests. Also, I hope that you can generate legislations that will protect and sustain the biodiversity of the Redwood Forests. Respectfully yours, Your name Works Cited Berry, Wendell. â€Å"Learn from the Past. † 2009. Bioweb. uwlax. edu. 13 May 2009 â€Å"Redwood Forest Ecology. † 8 October 1996. Humboldt Redwoods Interpretive Association. 13 May 2009 â€Å"Save the Redwoods, Boycott the Gap. † 18 January 2009. Gapsucks. org. 13 May 2009

Essay on Organized Crime

Essay on Organized Crime Essay on Organized Crime Organized Crime These days, when somebody mentions organized crime, the first thing they may think is the TV show â€Å"The Soprano’s.† However, there isn’t anything fiction about organized crime. To properly begin describing it, there should first be a definition. Donald Cressey attempted to define it in 1969, and the FBI had accepted that definition for several decades. That definition is as follows: â€Å"An organized crime is any crime committed by a person occupying, in an established division of labor, a position designed for the commission of crimes providing that such division of labor includes at least one position for a corrupter, one position for a corruptee, and one position for an enforcer.† (Abadinsky, 2009) The FBI must have felt a little fine tuning of that definition was necessary, and they ended up coming up with their own definition. The definition they currently use is as follows: â€Å"As any group having some manner of a formalized structure and whose primary objective is to obtain money through illegal activities. Such groups maintain their position through the use of actual or threatened violence, corrupt public officials, graft, or extortion, and generally have a significant impact on the people in their locales.† (Abadinsky, 2009). Just in case it is still a little unclear as to what organized crime is, the Department of Justice uses their own definition that states organized crime is â€Å"all illegal activities engaged in by members of criminal syndicates operative throughout the United States and all illegal activities engaged in by known associates and confederates of such.† (Abadinsky, 2009). Similarly, these three definition distinguish organized crime as an organization of people. The more specific definition, which is currently used by the FBI, gets into more detail than the others by including how the groups maintain their position. Also, the Department of Justice failed to recognize that or ganized crime exists in other countries. Nevertheless, how do law enforcement officials know when to categorize a chain of criminal events as an organized crime effort if there are numerous definitions? To ease the confusion, criminal researchers have developed a list of attributes that describe characteristics of a crime organization, so law enforcement officials can identify these groups much easier. The first attribute to be discussed is the basis of no political gain. Organized crime groups may have their foot in the political door, but not for political gain, rather for some sort of protection or immunity. Instead, these groups’ primary motive is aimed towards money and power. These groups have a certain rank structure, so the next attribute would be Hierarchical. This means the group just isn’t a bunch of pawns being controlled by one king. The rank structure puts people in charge of just the group below them to help with the delegation of tasks. The next a ttribute to consider when identifying an organized crime group is the limited membership requirements. Sometimes potential applicants need to fulfill certain requirements before being accepted into the organizations. Some of those requirements could include kinship of other members, race, and willingness to commit crime and follow orders. As a token of their membership, group members may possess a symbol of their membership in the attire they wear, or in tattoos they are permitted to obtain. Another set of attributes of organized crime groups include them constituting a unique subculture and perpetuate themselves to remain ongoing. This subculture allows the members to believe they are different from the rest of the society in which they live, and thus acts like they are above the rules. The acts that are carried out are meant to have a long lasting influence on the group’s reputation. These groups must also show signs of a monopolistic organization. If people wanted to engage in certain

Free Essays on Adaptation Of Historic Costuming

Mesopotamia The Mesopotamians wore the use of tassels, fringe and wrapped garments. Today Harpers Bazaar shows the same style garments, which are now considered the â€Å"Winter Wonders† of the Fall/Winter collection in the 21st century. History of Costume, pg.19 Bazaar Magazine, Oct `02 pg.228 Pg.119 Egyptian Egyptians used a plain, basic yet classical style of sheer draping linen for their garments. In today’s fashion world we wear the same garments to awards ceremonies that are designed by the top designers of this today’s fashion industry. History of Costume, pg.40 In Style, Aug `02 pg.101 Cretan The Cretans were known for their open bodices and tiered skirts, the pictures that are shown above are the same type of garments designed for the 21st century, I think that the open bodices are becoming extremely popular along with the short skirts in today’s world of appeal. History of Costume, pg.63 Bazaar, Sept `02 pg.17 IN Style, Aug `02 pg.264 Grecian â€Å" It’s not about what you wear; it’s about how you wear it and interpret it,† Greek garments were made of fine linen that was very clingy to the body without being too revealing. Belting and blousing can shorten the Chilton; Christian Dior portrays this classic draping fashion. History of Costume, pg.83 Bazaar, Jul `02 pg.311 Oct `02 pg.253 Roman â€Å"This artfully draped dress is nothing short of a Greek myth.† That was a quote by a designer on this particular garment above. The roman toga is a about six to eight feet long, the garment often has many layers, a fine look that was adapted so long ago in the Romans era. History of Costume, pg.102 Elle, Jun `02 pg.111 Jun `02 cover Byzantine Britney Spears is wearing beautiful garments that are covered with jewels, embroidery and brocades, just as the Byzantines wore, although it was a sign a luxury then, in some ways I guess it still... Free Essays on Adaptation Of Historic Costuming Free Essays on Adaptation Of Historic Costuming Mesopotamia The Mesopotamians wore the use of tassels, fringe and wrapped garments. Today Harpers Bazaar shows the same style garments, which are now considered the â€Å"Winter Wonders† of the Fall/Winter collection in the 21st century. History of Costume, pg.19 Bazaar Magazine, Oct `02 pg.228 Pg.119 Egyptian Egyptians used a plain, basic yet classical style of sheer draping linen for their garments. In today’s fashion world we wear the same garments to awards ceremonies that are designed by the top designers of this today’s fashion industry. History of Costume, pg.40 In Style, Aug `02 pg.101 Cretan The Cretans were known for their open bodices and tiered skirts, the pictures that are shown above are the same type of garments designed for the 21st century, I think that the open bodices are becoming extremely popular along with the short skirts in today’s world of appeal. History of Costume, pg.63 Bazaar, Sept `02 pg.17 IN Style, Aug `02 pg.264 Grecian â€Å" It’s not about what you wear; it’s about how you wear it and interpret it,† Greek garments were made of fine linen that was very clingy to the body without being too revealing. Belting and blousing can shorten the Chilton; Christian Dior portrays this classic draping fashion. History of Costume, pg.83 Bazaar, Jul `02 pg.311 Oct `02 pg.253 Roman â€Å"This artfully draped dress is nothing short of a Greek myth.† That was a quote by a designer on this particular garment above. The roman toga is a about six to eight feet long, the garment often has many layers, a fine look that was adapted so long ago in the Romans era. History of Costume, pg.102 Elle, Jun `02 pg.111 Jun `02 cover Byzantine Britney Spears is wearing beautiful garments that are covered with jewels, embroidery and brocades, just as the Byzantines wore, although it was a sign a luxury then, in some ways I guess it still...

With particular reference to two theoretical perspectives relating to Essay - 1

With particular reference to two theoretical perspectives relating to social work assessments and interventions - Essay Example According to Cognitive Behavioral Theory, cognition plays a major role in behavior change. That is cognitions or thoughts of a person has a say on their behavior, and negative thoughts or perceptions can make it tough for a person to make a positive behavioral change. Cognitive-behavioral interventions bring together cognitive and behavioral strategies to solve numerous behavioral and psychological problems. The idea is that by altering a person’s irrational or faulty thinking and behaviors and ingraining positive thoughts and ideas will alter the way that a person copes and looks at a situation (Daley, 2006). That is by changing their thought process people can think more clearly about the decisions they make. However there are many types of theories in psychology can be included under this segment. Here I hope to emphasize on some of the general points in all of them. Cognitive behavioral theory experts normally believe that the experiences that a child gathers in his child hood have a say in the development of his character. Ones personality is shaped by them. These experiences are ingrained in the minds of the child. For example if you were subjected to discrimination in child hood, such as based on race, religion social and gender these things will be ingrained negatively in their minds. So I need to remove the bitter negative memories of their past experiences. There is a saying that these innate drives are the facts that affect the motivation of human behavior. Therefore I have to engage in cognitive-behavioral interventions to alter the negative thoughts that have been ingrained in their minds from child hood in to positive ones that help them look at life in a new perspective. They may have been subjected to unhealthy or improper social interactions in their childhood. These may have been reinforced in their minds by a significant person in their

Protien refording Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Protien refording - Essay Example During initial production and isolation of proteins, many factors such as overproduction, solvent interactions, mechanical interference, or others may result in the denaturation of proteins. Understanding protein folding involves understanding both the energy landscape of the protein system, and refolding techniques have been significantly improve as time-resolved techniques, including neutron scattering, have been developed and perfected by researchers around the globe. The techniques involve observation of protein dynamics in order to assess the critical point of refolding, information which can lead to the development of refolding solutions (Bu et al. 2001). Neutron scattering and similar inventive techniques, such as stopped-flow florescence. In order to scale up for commercial use, protein refolding techniques must be scale invariant, compatible for a large range of proteins, simple to automated, and overall economical. Methods that rely on denaturant dilution and column-based methodology generally will meet these criteria (Middelberg 2002). The technology of refolding has grown exponentially in the past decade, and new methods must be carefully designed to facilitate the automated and rapid determination of the conditions that must be met for refolding in order to be commercially viable. It, however, remains to be seen if researchers can translate new technologies—and possibly even the discovery of a new protein state—into technology that will improve efficiency in bimolecular research industries. Before use, proteins are generally solubilised before use in high concentrations of quanidinium chloride (GdmCl) and urea (De Bernardez 1998 and Schwarz et al. 1998). Either of these two solvents may cause certain proteins to denature, and refolding involves diluting to a low concentration zone.

A breakthrough drug Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A breakthrough drug - Essay Example A group of scientist under the supervision of NH Director Francis S. Collins reported that the drug Everolimus have the capacity to clear out the protein Progerin from theses children’s body. Everybody’s body produces progerin a mutated form of protein lamin A, which is important for the organizing of the genome contained in the cells of the body. There is number of research which shows that progerin in the body of people accumulates as they age. The studies have also reported that, the drug Everolimus also cut back the protein progerin from the body of healthy man and also prolonged their cell life. On study with mice, Everolimus which is a derivative of immunosuppressant rapamycin, has shown to extend the life span. With a control on cycling process of protein progerin, the drug Everolimus helps in controlling the aging process. The recycling of the progerin is possible because of the ability of this drug to clear toxins from the cells of the body. The FDA approved Everolimus on May of 2011 as a drug to fight the aging process of cell progerin . According to (Rockfeller)â€Å"The Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome, also known as Progeria, is a genetic disease that affects small children and toddlers causing them to age prematurely†. Eventhough this drug treat the patients from outside the underlying disease which is genetic remains. However, the drug Everolimus treats the patients and reduces 50% of chances of getting the disease again. This medicine treats 50% of the cell but still there is underlying chance of getting the disease again. Progeria is a rare disease which affects the children, and even children and adults with brain tumor and other carcinogens can be cured with Everolimus. The diseased child has an increased amount of protein A and thus causes disruption in the working o f the cells in the body. The everolimus has got a trade name which is â€Å"

Prescription Addiction Essay Example for Free

Prescription Addiction Essay Addiction by Prescription In this essay, I’m going to explore the abuse of prescription drugs, provide information on the most commonly abused substances, and on the current treatment options available for users. Because of the rise of prescription pill addiction, it is important that people are made aware of the very dangerous effects that these drugs can have on them. The negative effects can result in jail time, illness, and even death. Painkillers, Depressants and Stimulants, are currently the most commonly abused prescription drugs. Years of research has shown that addiction to any drug (illicit or prescribed) causes a brain disease that can be treated effectively. Successful treatment may need to incorporate several components, including detoxification, counseling, and sometimes the use of addiction medications. Behavioral and pharmacological treatments are both necessary for the recovery of individuals with addictions. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, it is estimated that 48 million people (aged 12 and older) have used prescription drugs for non-medical reasons in their lifetime. That’s approximately 20% of the U.S. population. In recent years, there has been a dramatic increase in prescription drug misuse or abuse. This increase has led to a corresponding increase in ER visits because of accidental overdoses as well as admissions to drug treatment programs for drug addictions. Its thought that prescription drug addiction is on the rise because there are more drugs available to more people and the opportunity for abuse is greatly increased. Doctor’s are reporting writing more prescriptions for patients than ever before. In addition, you only have to go on the Internet to find high numbers of online pharmacies selling these addictive drugs. People become addicted to prescription drugs for various reasons. One may have an injury or any type of pain and begin to take the drug, and soon become dependent. Some take the drug longer than necessary and take more than the prescribed dosage. Other people have genetically addictive personalities. It just takes one prescription and the drug can quickly become ad dicting. Prescription drugs can still get you high, just like street drugs. People often don’t realize the impact these medications can have on them because they were prescribed by a doctor so they tend to think they are safe. Some people might abuse prescription drugs because they  are more readily accessible than street drugs. It is, unfortunately, very easy to doctor shop and get all of the pills that you want. Doctor shopping† is moving from provider to provider in an effort to obtain multiple prescriptions for the drugs an abuser is using.†¨ Vicodin, Oxycodone, OxyContin and Percocet are common painkillers that are abused. Painkillers often contain opioids which are highly addictive and can have a serious effect on the brain. They can cause a physical dependence, meaning the body becomes accustomed. There are also very severe withdrawal symptoms. Depressants, such as Valium and Xanax are drugs that slow brain function. They include sedatives (used to make a person calm and drowsy) and tranquilizers (intended to reduce tension or anxiety). These can cause depression, confusion, exhaustion and irritability and can dangerously diminish heartbeat and respiration. This is especially true when depressants are combined with alcohol and over the counter (OTC) medications. Its a combination that can even lead to death. Stimulants are a class of drugs intended to increase energy and aler tness. These drugs can increase blood pressure, heart rate and breathing. Stimulants affect the brain through a slow and steady release of two neurotransmitters; dopamine and norepinephrine. They are used for treating conditions including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), narcolepsy and, occasionally, depression. Excessive vomiting, tremors, sweating and anxiety are just some of the risks of abusing stimulants. †¨ Breaking free from prescription drug abuse takes much more than willpower. Fortunately, medications and counseling can improve the chances of success. New treatments like Suboxone, and traditional therapies like methadone and 12-step programs, are helping thousands of people stay on the road to recovery. There are various options such as; Drug Rehab Programs Available from Support Systems Homes, Detoxification, Residential Treatment (Residential Drug Rehab), Outpatient Treatment, and Community-Based Self-Help Groups. Now we have explored the depths and effects of addiction and dependency on prescription drugs. There are many causes for addiction and almost any substance can be dangerous if used improperly. As long as there are new drugs there will always be new developments in the way to treat them. In summation, there are many ways and substances to become addicted too and anyone can be at risk. If the dangers are known it is much easier to combat the problem of substance abuse. Work Cited  ·DRUG FACTS. Drug Facts. National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign, 1 June 2011. Web. 20 Apr. 2013. .  ·The Truth About Prescription Drugs. Foundation for a Drug-Free World, Aug. 2012. Web. 20 Apr. 2013. .  ·Prescription Drug Abuse Rates Increase in the Western United States, Northwest Now Leading Area of Epidemic. Yahoo News. Passages Malibu, 3 Apr. 2013. Web. 20 Apr. 2013. .  ·Prescription Drugs: Abuse and Addiction. Drug Abuse. National Institue On Drug Abuse, Oct. 2011. Web. 20 Apr. 2013. .  ·Prescription Drug Abuse: Addiction, Types, and Treatment. WebMD. WebMD, 18 Dec. 2012. Web. 20 Apr. 2013. .  ·Prescription Drug Addiction: Information and Treatment. Treatment for Prescription Drug Addiction. Support Systems Homes Inc, Nov. 2011. Web. 20 Apr. 2013. .

Greece: Birthplace of Western Civilization

Greece: Birthplace of Western Civilization Greece was known as the Birthplace of Western Civilization (Aquino Badilles, 2006, p.80) because its culture became the epitome for the succeeding western civilizations. The tale of the ancient Greek civilization is a painful history of foreign supremacy. But their civilization was built on solid foundation and led by efficient leaders that created values and customs that are still being practiced and observed by modern societies. It is for this reason that the Greek civilization flourished, remembered, celebrated and accepted by the whole world. One factor that can be considered as an integral part of the development of Greek civilization is its geography. The geography of Greece had an overwhelming impact on its political, cultural, economic and social growth. The geographical features of ancient Greece contributed to its advantage and disadvantage. Ancient Greece can be found at the tip of Balcan peninsula in Southwestern Europe. It is surrounded by three seas: in the south is the Mediterranean Sea; Ionian Sea in the west; and the Aegean Sea in the east. The Corint Gulf connects the separate region of the Peloponnesus, which is the southern tip of Greece, and Africa (Willis, 1985). The Greek mainland is a peninsula which extends into the Mediterranean Sea. The core of ancient Greece is consisted of mountainous and rugged lands. The Pindus Mountain, which is 8700 feet high, runs down the Middle of the Balkan Peninsula and is considered as the dominant range (Burns, 1958). Greece is a strategic location for empire building because it served as the crossroads between Africa, Asia and Europe. Three geographical features that affected Greece the most included the climate, the mountains and the seas. Ancient Greeces climate is temperate, making it comfortable to the people to be outside of their homes almost every year. This allowed them to engage in outdoor life within their city-states. They were able to interact with each other which enabled them to organize outdoor activities such as athletic competitions, public gatherings, entertainment and art shows, and meetings, which facilitate to the development of a rich and distinct Greek culture. The second geographical feature is the mountains. Greece is a mountainous society. Almost 70 to 80 percent of Greece is covered and dominated with mountains (Aquino Badilles, 2006). The advantage of the mountains is that they contributed to the preservation of the purity of Greek culture. Because of the mountains, inhabitants of ancient Greek civilization were secluded to their area resulting to rare interactions with other cultures. One bad effect of this geographical feature is that it served as a natural barrier which acted like walls separating different communities. It hindered communication among communities and slowed down the introduction of new ideas and technology. It also obstructed the development of a unified system of government. The Greeks ingenious solution to this problem is to developed the polis or the city-state. The creation of the city-states indicates the start of Greeks classical age because the emergence of the polis started the numerous great achievements o f the civilization (Willis, 1985). It also proved that democratic government works better in smaller states (Willis, 1985). Every polis has its own government and laws and it helped promote peoples participation in political affairs. It also provided protection and security to the inhabitants. Because states are smaller, the demands and needs of the people were easily reflected in the laws and policies that the government established. Another disadvantage of this geographical feature is that only few lands were dedicated to farming. Few small valleys and plains of ancient Greece provided farm land for the people. Adding to the disadvantage is the the rocky lands and poor soil which are not suitable for the domestication of plants. Although they experienced such disadvantages in farming, they still tried to cultivate olives and grapes. They also domesticated sheeps and cattles as an alternative to farming. The development of the polis also helped in their dilemma because it allowed t hem to supply enough food for the smaller population. The last and probably the most important geographical feature is the sea. Having been surrounded by three major bodies of water served as an advantage because it allowed early Greeks to travel and trade. The nearness of Greece to major trade routes allowed the prosperity in maritime commerce (Aquino Badilles, 2006). The sea also made the people became fishers, sailors and merchants. They excelled in ship buildings and voyaging because of their knowledge about seas around them. In the Greco-Persian wars, the Greeks used the seas to their advantage. They build smaller more efficient ships to pass through narrow routes and they exhibited their skills as naval armies. Also, the seas allowed the Greeks to depend heavily on trade. The Greeks get what they could not grow through trading. The exchanged olive oil, wine, wool and pottery with grains and other natural resources, which had a limited supply during that time . Because of their proximity to the seas, fish became the Greeks staple food. Moreover, trade encouraged cultural diffusion. It enabled the exchange of ideas with other culture and the spread of Hellenistic culture. It also encouraged them to have further knowledge about different existing civilizations at that time. To sum it all up, the mountains of Greece limited the civilizations agricultural progress and political unity. But, instead of being a disadvantage, the limitations provided ancient Greece with a stronger and well-developed communities. Adding to that are the seas that connect Greece with each other and the whole world. The seas provided Greeks with wider perspectives about other cultures and encouraged them to find ways on how to properly utilize their limited resources. It just affirms that geography, in one way or another, shaped and affected the ancient Greek civilization. References Aquino, G. Badilles, D. (2006). Social studies in perspective III. Makati City, Philippines: Diwa Scholastic Press Inc. Burns, E. M. (1958). Western civilization. New York: W. W. Norton and Co. Inc. McNeil, W. H. (1999). A world history: 4th edition. New York: Oxford University Press. Willis, F. R. (1985). Western civilization. USA: D. C. Health and Company.

The Native Son-Blacks And Whites :: essays research papers

In the Native Son Wright lets us see how blacks and whites have so many problems because of racial issues. We see how blacks and whites do not see eye to eye. We also see how being black in the 1930’s was something you couldn’t control but still was looked at as being something â€Å"bad†. Color was what it was all about. Being black was seen as being lower class and also less- human than other Caucasians. We also see the fear that black families and communities had. These facts separate in details how two types of race had such an effect on each other but still did not know how much damaged they caused to each other during many, many years.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   White people in this book felt blacks were bad people who just had bad ways of doing things. Stereo type was a big issue as we see when Bigger gets caught for the murder, newspapers stated that there was a â€Å"Mass Rapist on the loose†. Since he was black they thought right away he was raped her. White people also showed that they didn’t really care about what happened to black people. Since Mary Dalton was white, Caucasians were screaming at Bigger that he was a gorilla, that he should be killed, and many other bad racist comments. There were other white people who thought equality was for every one in the world. Jan is a prime example of how some white people felt blacks were treated wrong. Blacks feared whites. Many of them had so much fear that they accepted the way they were being treated. They took it as a problem where there was no answer. When Bigger was driving back to the Dalton’s house we see how many black people were just standing in the corner. Bigger was different though. He feared whites, but he sometimes tried to find the solution. Blacks also felt that the whites should be treated with more respect. The way Bigger answers his mother and the way he answers Mr. Dalton are two different tones of voices. One is respect out of fear and the other is disrespect out of revenge.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many of Bigger’s actions suggest a huge response to fear, which comes from his exposure to a harsh social climate in which a clear line between acceptable behavior for whites and blacks exists. His anger and his destructive impulses come from that fear and is seen clear in the opening scene when he attacks a huge rat.

How Enzymes Work in the Home and in Industry Essay Essay

This essay aims to explore the ways on how enzymes are used in home and in industry, and it aims to explain the advantages and disadvantages of using enzymes in the home and industry. An enzyme is a protein that is formed by the body that acts as a catalyst to cause a certain desired reaction. Enzymes are very specific. Each enzyme is designed to initiate a specific response with a specific result. Firstly, the AQA Science Biology textbook published in 2011 by Nelson Thornes Ltd suggests on page 172 that â€Å"in the past, people boiled and scrubbed their clothes to get them clean – by hand! Now we have washing machines and enzymes ready and waiting to digest the stains.† This is telling us how people now use enzymes at home and it is much easier from the past. This is an example of how enzymes are used in homes. Enzymes are used to get rid of the stains that are on the clothes in washing machines. Enzymes are used to break down proteins and fats that are in the stains. This is evident in the same textbook on the same page number mentioned above when it says, â€Å"many people use biological detergents to remove stains such as grass, sweat and food from their clothes. Biological washing powders contain proteases and lipases.† Proteases and lipases are those enzymes that are used to break down the proteins and fats that are in the stains. In addition, it is better to use biological detergents instead of non-biological detergents at lower temperatures because that is when the enzymes work at their best, if the water is too hot then they are denatured and this also means that you use less electricity. The edited book version called ‘Enzymes in Industry’ written by Dr Wolfgang Aehle published in 2007 suggests that â€Å"in the food industry enzymes are used to improve dairy products like cheese or to supply us with breads that have the right crumb structure and give us the right mouth feel while eating.† This is showing how and why enzymes are used in industry. They are used to improve dairy products or to supply with breads that are good enough for us. Protease enzymes are used to make baby foods. In the book ‘Chemistry at a glance’ published by Roger Owen and Sue King it says on page 116 â€Å"proteins in baby foods may be pre-digested by proteases (enzymes which digest proteins). Babies are not very good at digesting the food when they first begin to eat solid foods. By using protease enzymes in the food, makes it easier for a baby’s digestive system to cope with it and then the babies can also get the amino acids that need from their food more easily. There are more enzymes used in industry like carbohydrases to convert starch into sugar (glucose syrup). There are many advantages and disadvantages of using enzymes. Enzymes can be good to use. In the AQA Science Biology textbook published in 2011 by Nelson Thornes Ltd suggests on page 173 that â€Å"in industrial processes, many o the reactions need high temperatures and pressures to make them go fast enough to produce the products needed. This needs expensive equipment and requires a lot of energy.† The good thing is that by using enzymes it would solve industrial problems like these. On the same page, it says the enzymes â€Å"catalyze at relatively low temperatures and normal pressures. This is why the enzyme-based processes are cheap to run. This is an advantage showing that by using enzymes it is cheaper and easier. There are also disadvantages of using enzymes. This is evident in the same book on the same page as it mentions, â€Å"one problem with enzymes is that they are denatured at high temperatures, so the temperature must be kept down†. This shows that by using enzymes they can be denatured so you would have to be careful and keep an eye on the temperature. In addition, the pH needs to be controlled and it costs money to control these conditions which means it is bad. You would have to pay to control theses conditions and if you do not then the enzymes would denature which is not good. The original BBC Bitesize GCSE website in the science section suggests that there are many enzymes, which are expensive to produce. This is evident on the website as it says, â€Å"In industry, enzymes allow reactions that normally need expensive, energy-demanding equipment to happen at normal temperatures and pressures. On the other hand, most enzymes are denatured at high temperatures.† This shows that many enzymes are quite expensive to produce and this is a disadvantage of using enzymes. In conclusion, enzymes are used in many places like homes and in the industry because they can be good in ways such as using them in baby food, which would help the digestive system of babies. However, there are also some disadvantages of using enzymes for example some enzymes can be very expensive to produce. I believe that enzymes should be used in some places and should not in others, this way I think that there would not be trouble caused.

Coclear implant controversy essays

Coclear implant controversy essays Cochlear implant technology has advanced tremendously over the past 20 years. Deaf adults, deaf and hearing parents of deaf children, and family members have strong feelings regarding cochlear implants. There are some who say "My child should remain deaf and part of the deaf community. However, some individuals who belong to the hearing world view cochlear implants as a magnificent advancement in technology to help the deaf to hear. I believe that both culture and community have a major impact on an individuals life. If the parents of a child who is deaf believe that cochlear implants will change or distort the childs sense of culture or community, the child should remain without the implant until he/she is able to make their own decision. A cochlear implant is an electronic device that restores partial hearing to the deaf. It is surgically implanted in the inner ear and activated by a device worn outside the ear. Unlike a hearing aid, it does not make sound louder or clearer. Instead, the device bypasses damaged parts of the auditory system and directly stimulates the nerve of hearing, allowing individuals who are profoundly hearing impaired to receive sound. The most common language among individuals who are profoundly deaf is American Sign Language (ASL). However, many children who received their implant at a young age have learned to talk and have not needed signs. A number of these children are fully integrated into their neighborhood schools, socialize with normally hearing children, talk on the telephone, learn popular words and slang from watching and hearing their videos, and in general are living lives as hearing and speaking children. Members of Deaf Culture do not view their deafness as a disability. Individuals belonging to Deaf Culture believe that cochlear implants are a threat to their identity and their language, American Sign Language (Koch, 2001). Yet, many times individuals want to orally communicate ...